Educational and Clinical Associations With Longitudinal Cognitive Function and Brain Imaging in American Indians: The Strong Heart Study.

0.45). Prevalence and incidence of infarcts were (respectively) 32% and 12.8/1000 person-years (PY); hemmorhages 6% and 4.4/1000 PY; worsening sulci 74% and 19.0/1000 PY; wosening ventricle 79% and 30.1/1000 PY; worsening leukoaraiosis 44% and 26.1/1000 PY. Linear losses per year in cognitive scores were 0.6% 3MSE, 1.2% WAIS, 0.6% COWA, 2.2% CVLT. Mean MoCA scores were 18.9 (SD 4.3). DISCUSSION These are the first data on longitudinal cognitive and imaging changes in American Indians, as well as first reports of AD related features. Mean scores in MoCA were similar or lower than standard cutoffs used to diagnose dementia in other racial/ethnic groups, suggesting that standardized cognitive tests may not perform well in this population. Test validation, adaptation, and score adjustment are warranted. Years of education was a poor proxy for premorbid function, suggesting novel methods for cognitive score contextualization is also needed in this population. Evaluation of selective survival suggests attrition from death and frailty should be accounted for in causal analyses. Overall, these data represent a unique opportunity to examine neurology topics of critical importance to an understudied population.