The effect of intranasal irrigation with epinephrine solution on intraoperative visualization and bleeding during FESS.
Mohannad A Al-QudahPublished in: European archives of oto-rhino-laryngology : official journal of the European Federation of Oto-Rhino-Laryngological Societies (EUFOS) : affiliated with the German Society for Oto-Rhino-Laryngology - Head and Neck Surgery (2021)
Intraoperative irrigation with saline-epinephrine solution at a concentration of (1:100,000) is safe and does not change heart rate or blood pressure but is unlikely to improve the setting of intraoperative surgical field except for decreasing the volume of blood loss in patients with high Lund-Mackay score.