Synergistic Effect of Beauveria bassiana and Trichoderma asperellum to Induce Maize (Zea mays L.) Defense against the Asian Corn Borer, Ostrinia furnacalis (Lepidoptera, Crambidae) and Larval Immune Response.
Raufa BatoolMuhammad Jawad UmerYangzhou WangKang-Lai HeTiantao ZhangShuxiong BaiYang ZhiJie ChenZhenying WangPublished in: International journal of molecular sciences (2020)
Ostrinia furnacalis, is the major pest of maize causing significant yield losses. So far, many approaches have been used to increase the virulence of entomopathogenic fungal isolates. The current study is an attempt to estimate synergistic effect of Beauveria bassiana and Trichoderma asperellum in order to explore larval immune response through RNA sequencing and differentially expression analysis. In vivo synergism was examined in seven proportions (B. bassiana: T. asperellum = 1:1, 1:2, 1:3, 1:4, 4:1, 3:1, 2:1) and in the in vitro case, two inoculation methods were applied: seed coating and soil drenching. Results revealed significant decrease in plant damage and high larval mortality in fungal treatments. Fungal isolates mediated the plant defense by increasing proline, superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD), polyphenol oxidase (PPO) and protease activities. Seed coating method was proved to be the most effective in case of maize endophytic colonization. In total, 59 immune-related differentially expressed genes DEGs were identified including, cytochrome P450, heat shock protein, ABC transporter, cadherin, peptidoglycan recognition protein (PGRP), cuticlular protein, etc. Further, transcriptomic response was confirmed by qRT-PCR. Our results concluded that, coculture of B. bassiana and T. asperellum has the synergistic potential to suppress the immune response of O. furnacalis and can be used as sustainable approach to induce plant resistance through activation of defense-related enzymes.
Keyphrases
- immune response
- cell wall
- heat shock protein
- single cell
- aedes aegypti
- dendritic cells
- drosophila melanogaster
- toll like receptor
- hydrogen peroxide
- escherichia coli
- innate immune
- protein protein
- pseudomonas aeruginosa
- cancer therapy
- rna seq
- genome wide identification
- oxidative stress
- genetic diversity
- binding protein
- genome wide
- amino acid
- risk factors
- type diabetes
- heat shock
- cardiovascular events
- nitric oxide
- gene expression
- plant growth
- antimicrobial resistance
- amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
- dna methylation
- risk assessment
- climate change