Immunosensor with Enhanced Electrochemiluminescence Signal Using Platinum Nanoparticles Confined within Nanochannels for Highly Sensitive Detection of Carcinoembryonic Antigen.
Huihua ZhangChaoyan ZhangHui QuFengna XiPublished in: Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) (2023)
Rapid, highly sensitive, and accurate detection of tumor biomarkers in serum is of great significance in cancer screening, early diagnosis, and postoperative monitoring. In this study, an electrochemiluminescence (ECL) immunosensing platform was constructed by enhancing the ECL signal through in situ growth of platinum nanoparticles (PtNPs) in a nanochannel array, which can achieve highly sensitive detection of the tumor marker carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA). An inexpensive and readily available indium tin oxide (ITO) glass electrode was used as the supporting electrode, and a layer of amino-functionalized vertically ordered mesoporous silica film (NH 2 -VMSF) was grown on its surface using an electrochemically assisted self-assembly method (EASA). The amino groups within the nanochannels served as anchoring sites for the one-step electrodeposition of PtNPs, taking advantage of the confinement effect of the ultrasmall nanochannels. After the amino groups on the outer surface of NH 2 -VMSF were derivatized with aldehyde groups, specific recognition antibodies were covalently immobilized followed by blocking nonspecific binding sites to create an immunorecognition interface. The PtNPs, acting as nanocatalysts, catalyzed the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) with hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2 ), significantly enhancing the ECL signal of the luminol. The ECL signal exhibited high stability during continuous electrochemical scanning. When the CEA specifically bound to the immunorecognition interface, the resulting immune complexes restricted the diffusion of the ECL emitters and co-reactants towards the electrode, leading to a reduction in the ECL signal. Based on this immune recognition-induced signal-gating effect, the immunosensor enabled ECL detection of CEA with a linear range of 0.1 pg mL -1 to 1000 ng mL -1 with a low limit of detection (LOD, 0.03 pg mL -1 ). The constructed immunosensor demonstrated excellent selectivity and can achieve CEA detection in serum.
Keyphrases
- sensitive detection
- loop mediated isothermal amplification
- quantum dots
- label free
- hydrogen peroxide
- reactive oxygen species
- room temperature
- high resolution
- wastewater treatment
- gold nanoparticles
- squamous cell carcinoma
- patients undergoing
- carbon nanotubes
- dna damage
- nitric oxide
- molecularly imprinted
- ionic liquid
- cell death
- high glucose
- mass spectrometry
- tandem mass spectrometry
- energy transfer
- stress induced
- diabetic rats
- reduced graphene oxide
- childhood cancer