The Global Epidemiological Transition in Cardiovascular Diseases: Unrecognised Impact of Endemic Infections on Peripheral Artery Disease.
Paul A AgiusJulia C CuttsPeige SongIgor RudanDiana RudanVictor AboyansMary M McDermottMichael H CriquiF Gerald R FowkesFreya J I FowkesPublished in: Journal of epidemiology and global health (2022)
An epidemiological transition in the prevalence of peripheral artery disease (PAD) is taking place especially in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) where an ageing population and adoption of western lifestyles are associated with an increase in PAD. We discuss the limited evidence which suggests that infection, potentially mediated by inflammation, may be a risk factor for PAD, and show by means of an ecological analysis that country-level prevalence of the major endemic infections of HIV, tuberculosis and malaria are associated with the prevalence of PAD. While further research is required, we propose that scientists and health authorities pay more attention to the interplay between communicable and non-communicable diseases, and we suggest that limiting the occurrence of endemic infections might have some effect on slowing the epidemiological transition in PAD.
Keyphrases
- peripheral artery disease
- risk factors
- cardiovascular disease
- public health
- healthcare
- oxidative stress
- hiv aids
- mycobacterium tuberculosis
- antiretroviral therapy
- human immunodeficiency virus
- hiv infected
- hiv positive
- mental health
- working memory
- hiv testing
- emergency department
- type diabetes
- health insurance
- electronic health record
- pulmonary tuberculosis
- plasmodium falciparum
- data analysis