Residual and Recurrent Spinal Cord Cavernous Malformations: Outcomes and Techniques to Optimize Resection and a Systematic Review of the Literature.

SCCMs may cause significant symptoms. During primary resection, care should be taken to avoid leaving residual lesion remnants, which can lead to future hemorrhagic events and neurological morbidity. However, satisfactory results are achievable even with secondary or tertiary resections.