Neonatal Outcomes after Combined Opioid and Nicotine Exposure in Utero: A Scoping Review.
Krystyna R IsaacsSravanthi AtreyapurapuAmal H AlyusufDavid M LedgerwoodLoretta P FinneganKatie H K ChangTony Xuyen MaYukiko WashioPublished in: International journal of environmental research and public health (2021)
The combined exposure to nicotine and opioids during pregnancy may lead to a reduction in neonatal birth weight and birth length and more severe NAS signs, compared with opioid use alone, but more research is necessary to identify the minimum dosage and length of nicotine exposure to accurately predict these outcomes.