Theranostic nanoparticles for detection and treatment of pancreatic cancer.
Happy AgarwalRyan C BynumNada SalehDanielle HarrisWilliam M MacCuaigVung KimEmma J SandersonIsabel S DennahyRohit SinghBahareh BehkamJorge G Gomez-GutierrezAjay JainBarish H EdilLacey R McNallyPublished in: Wiley interdisciplinary reviews. Nanomedicine and nanobiotechnology (2024)
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is one of the most recalcitrant cancers due to its late diagnosis, poor therapeutic response, and highly heterogeneous microenvironment. Nanotechnology has the potential to overcome some of the challenges to improve diagnostics and tumor-specific drug delivery but they have not been plausibly viable in clinical settings. The review focuses on active targeting strategies to enhance pancreatic tumor-specific uptake for nanoparticles. Additionally, this review highlights using actively targeted liposomes, micelles, gold nanoparticles, silica nanoparticles, and iron oxide nanoparticles to improve pancreatic tumor targeting. Active targeting of nanoparticles toward either differentially expressed receptors or PDAC tumor microenvironment (TME) using peptides, antibodies, small molecules, polysaccharides, and hormones has been presented. We focus on microenvironment-based hallmarks of PDAC and the potential for actively targeted nanoparticles to overcome the challenges presented in PDAC. It describes the use of nanoparticles as contrast agents for improved diagnosis and the delivery of chemotherapeutic agents that target various aspects within the TME of PDAC. Additionally, we review emerging nano-contrast agents detected using imaging-based technologies and the role of nanoparticles in energy-based treatments of PDAC. This article is categorized under: Implantable Materials and Surgical Technologies > Nanoscale Tools and Techniques in Surgery Therapeutic Approaches and Drug Discovery > Nanomedicine for Oncologic Disease Diagnostic Tools > In Vivo Nanodiagnostics and Imaging.
Keyphrases
- cancer therapy
- drug delivery
- gold nanoparticles
- high resolution
- magnetic resonance
- minimally invasive
- walled carbon nanotubes
- magnetic resonance imaging
- drug release
- iron oxide nanoparticles
- climate change
- computed tomography
- atrial fibrillation
- fluorescence imaging
- smoking cessation
- young adults
- robot assisted
- water soluble