Mechanical instabilities of aorta drive blood stem cell production: a live study.
Nausicaa PoulletIvan GolushkoVladimir LormanJana TravnickovaCharlotte BureauDmitrii ChalinSergei RochalAndrea ParmeggianiKarima KissaPublished in: Cellular and molecular life sciences : CMLS (2019)
During embryogenesis of all vertebrates, haematopoietic stem/progenitor cells (HSPCs) extrude from the aorta by a complex process named endothelial-to-haematopoietic transition (EHT). HSPCs will then colonize haematopoietic organs allowing haematopoiesis throughout adult life. The mechanism underlying EHT including the role of each aortic endothelial cell (EC) within the global aorta dynamics remains unknown. In the present study, we show for the first time that EHT involves the remodelling of individual cells within a collective migration of ECs which is tightly orchestrated, resulting in HSPCs extrusion in the sub-aortic space without compromising aorta integrity. By performing a cross-disciplinary study which combines high-resolution 4D imaging and theoretical analysis based on the concepts of classical mechanics, we propose that this complex developmental process is dependent on mechanical instabilities of the aorta preparing and facilitating the extrusion of HSPCs.
Keyphrases
- aortic valve
- pulmonary artery
- high resolution
- stem cells
- endothelial cells
- aortic dissection
- coronary artery
- oxidative stress
- induced apoptosis
- left ventricular
- mass spectrometry
- young adults
- cell proliferation
- cell death
- pulmonary arterial hypertension
- endoplasmic reticulum stress
- fluorescence imaging
- cell therapy
- atrial fibrillation
- vascular endothelial growth factor
- childhood cancer