Interferon Family Cytokines in Obesity and Insulin Sensitivity.
Ling-Yu HuangChiao-Juno ChiuChung-Hsi HsingYu-Hsiang HsuPublished in: Cells (2022)
Obesity and its associated complications are global public health concerns. Metabolic disturbances and immune dysregulation cause adipose tissue stress and dysfunction in obese individuals. Immune cell accumulation in the adipose microenvironment is the main cause of insulin resistance and metabolic dysfunction. Infiltrated immune cells, adipocytes, and stromal cells are all involved in the production of proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines in adipose tissues and affect systemic homeostasis. Interferons (IFNs) are a large family of pleiotropic cytokines that play a pivotal role in host antiviral defenses. IFNs are critical immune modulators in response to pathogens, dead cells, and several inflammation-mediated diseases. Several studies have indicated that IFNs are involved in the pathogenesis of obesity. In this review, we discuss the roles of IFN family cytokines in the development of obesity-induced inflammation and insulin resistance.
Keyphrases
- insulin resistance
- adipose tissue
- high fat diet induced
- metabolic syndrome
- high fat diet
- oxidative stress
- polycystic ovary syndrome
- public health
- type diabetes
- skeletal muscle
- weight loss
- dendritic cells
- stem cells
- small molecule
- gene expression
- body mass index
- diabetic rats
- high glucose
- physical activity
- cell death
- gram negative
- multidrug resistant
- endoplasmic reticulum stress