[Prevalence and influencing factors of patients with comorbidity of hypertension, diabetes and dyslipidemia in residents aged 35-75 years in Tianjin].

Objective: To investigate the current comorbidity status among hypertension, diabetes, and dyslipidemia in residents aged 35-75 years in Tianjin and to explore the main influencing factors to provide a scientific basis for the prevention and treatment of chronic disease comorbidity. Methods: From June 2019 to November 2023, 10 districts (Hedong, Hexi, Dongli, Beichen, Nankai, Xiqing, Wuqing, Baodi, Jizhou, and Binhai New District) in Tianjin were selected as the project sites. The community and natural village was used as the primary sampling unit, and each project site selected the screening sites by cluster random sampling method. Residents aged 35-75 who lived in the screening sites for 6 months and above were surveyed by questionnaire, physical examination, and biochemical tests. The chi-square test, analysis of variance, and multivariate unconditional logistic regression analysis were used for statistical analysis. Age-standardized prevalence was based on the data of the sixth national census. Results: A total of 146 832 participants were included in this study, including 61 994 males (42.22%) and 84 838 females (57.78%), with an age of (56.83±8.84) years. The number of people with only one disease was 55 485 (37.79%), the number of people with two diseases was 36 942 (25.16%), and the number of people with three diseases was 9 683 (6.59%). The prevalence of hypertension combined with dyslipidemia was the highest (17.23%), and the standardized prevalence were 14.44%. The prevalence rates of three diseases and hypertension combined with diabetes was 6.59% and 4.98%, respectively, and the standardized prevalence was 5.42% and 4.11%, respectively. The prevalence of diabetes combined with dyslipidemia was 2.95%, and the standardized prevalence was 2.45%. Multivariate unconditional logistic regression analysis showed that advanced age (65- 75 years old: OR =2.69, 95% CI : 2.28-3.18), overweight/obesity (overweight: OR =2.21, 95% CI : 2.02-2.41; obesity: OR =4.50, 95% CI : 4.03-5.02), daily smoking ( OR =1.96, 95% CI : 1.72-2.24), regular and heavy drinking ( OR =1.63, 95% CI : 1.18-2.27), family history of hypertension/diabetes/hyperlipidemia (family history of hypertension: OR =81.17, 95% CI : 74.68-88.22; family history of diabetes: OR =15.26, 95% CI : 13.71-16.99; family history of hyperlipidemia: OR =7.13, 95% CI : 5.92-8.59), tea drinking (occasional tea drinking group: OR =1.74, 95% CI : 1.52-2.00; frequent tea drinking group: OR =2.23, 95% CI : 1.92-2.59) were risk factors for the comorbidity of hypertension, diabetes and dyslipidemia (all P <0.05), while higher education level was a protective factor (senior high school/technical secondary school: OR =0.79, 95% CI : 0.72-0.86; college/bachelor's degree and above: OR =0.60, 95% CI : 0.53-0.68, all P <0.001). Conclusions: The comorbidity rate of hypertension, diabetes, and dyslipidemia is high in residents aged 35-75 years in Tianjin. It is necessary to strengthen the co-management of blood pressure, blood glucose, and blood lipid in key populations with old age, overweight/obesity, junior high school education or below, daily smoking, daily drinking, occasional or frequent tea drinking, and family history of hypertension/diabetes/dyslipidemia, and promote a healthy lifestyle.