Ex Vivo Brain Imaging in Drosophila .

Analysis of neuronal circuit function in Drosophila can be facilitated with an ex vivo imaging preparation. In this approach, the brain is isolated but intact, preserving neuronal connectivity and function. The preparation has several advantages, including stability, accessibility for pharmacological manipulations, and the ability to image over several hours. The full range of genetic approaches available in Drosophila can be readily combined with pharmacological manipulations in this preparation, and numerous genetically encoded reporters are available to image cellular events, ranging from Ca 2+ signaling to neurotransmitter release.