Artificial sugar saccharin and its derivatives: role as a catalyst.

The primary objective of this review was to demonstrate the significance of artificial sugar saccharin and its derivatives as catalysts for a wide variety of organic transformations. The application of saccharin and its derivatives represents a greener and superior catalytic approach for reactions. In particular, we were interested in bringing together the literature pertaining to these saccharin derivatives from a catalysis perspective. The present review reports synthesis of saccharin and its derivatives such as saccharin- N -sulfonic acid, sodium saccharin, N -halo saccharin, saccharin lithium-bromide, N -formyl saccharin, N -acyl saccharin, N -nitrosaccharin, N -SCF 3 saccharin, N -fluorosultam, N -phenylselenosaccharin, N -thiocyanatosaccharin palladium saccharin, DMAP-saccharin, and [Bmim]Sac. This catalytic application of saccharin and its derivatives includes reactions such as the Biginelli reaction, Paal-Knorr pyrrole synthesis, azo-coupling reaction, halogenations, domino Knoevenagel, Michael, deoximation reaction, catalytic condensation, functional group protection and oxidation etc. Also, these saccharin derivatives act as a source of CO, NH 2 , SCN, SCF 3 and nitro groups. We reported all the available data on saccharin and its derivatives acting as a catalyst from 1957 to date.