Bacteria-targeted combined with photothermal/NO nanoparticles for the treatment and diagnosis of MRSA infection in vivo.

Currently, undeveloped diagnosis and delayed treatment of bacteria-infected sites in vivo not only expand the risk of tissue infection but are also a major clinical cause of multiple drug-resistant bacterial infections. Here, we present an efficient nanoplatform for NIR-light-controlled and bacteria-targeted delivery of nitric oxide (NO) combined with photothermal therapy (PTT). Using maltotriose-decorated mesoporous polydopamine (MPDA-Mal) and BNN6, a smart antibacterial nanoplatform (B@MPDA-Mal NPs) is developed to combine bacterial targeting, gas-controlled release, and photothermal therapy. Utilizing bacteria's unique maltodextrin transport system, the prepared B@MPDA-Mal NPs can accurately distinguish bacterial infection from sterile inflammation and target the bacteria-infected sites for efficient drug enrichment. Moreover, NIR-light causes MPDA to generate heat, which not only effectively induces BNN6 to produce NO, but also raises the temperature to harm the bacteria further. NO/photothermal combination therapy effectively eliminates biofilm and drug-resistant bacteria. The myositis model of MRSA infection is established and indicated that B@MPDA-Mal NPs can successfully eradicate inflammation and abscesses in mice. Meanwhile, MRI imaging technology is used to monitor the treatment procedure and healing outcomes. Given the aforementioned advantages, the smart antibacterial nanoplatform B@MPDA-Mal NPs can be used as a potential therapeutic tool in the biomedical field against drug-resistant bacterial infections in vivo. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.