High-Affinity Functional Fluorescent Ligands for Human β-Adrenoceptors.
Gyuzel Yu MitronovaGražvydas LukinavičiusAlexey N ButkevichTobias KohlVladimir N BelovStephan E LehnartStefan W HellPublished in: Scientific reports (2017)
Visualization of the G-protein coupled receptor (GPCR) is of great importance for studying its function in a native cell. We have synthesized a series of red-emitting fluorescent probes targeting β-adrenergic receptor (βAR) that are compatible with confocal and Stimulated Emission Depletion (STED) microscopy as well as with Time-Resolved Fluorescence Resonance Energy Transfer (TR-FRET) binding assay in living cells. The probe based on the agonist BI-167107 and fluorescent dye KK114 demonstrates nanomolar binding affinity and up to nine-fold β2AR selectivity over β1AR. Carazolol-derived probes are fluorogenic and allow no-wash imaging experiments. STED microscopy of β2ARs stained at the native expression level on pancreatic CAPAN cells provides two-fold improvement in lateral optical resolution over confocal mode and reveals the formation of receptor microdomains. These probes retain their functional (agonist or antagonist) properties, allowing simultaneous modulation of cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) levels and receptor internalization as well as imaging receptor localization.
Keyphrases
- living cells
- single molecule
- fluorescent probe
- energy transfer
- high resolution
- quantum dots
- binding protein
- optical coherence tomography
- high throughput
- endothelial cells
- small molecule
- high speed
- induced apoptosis
- stem cells
- oxidative stress
- protein kinase
- drug delivery
- minimally invasive
- bone marrow
- mass spectrometry
- cell therapy
- single cell
- nucleic acid
- induced pluripotent stem cells
- cell death
- mesenchymal stem cells
- endoplasmic reticulum stress
- cell proliferation
- signaling pathway
- dna binding