Optimized therapeutic strategy for patients with refractory or relapsed acute myeloid leukemia: long-term clinical outcomes and health-related quality of life assessment.

Our study indicated that total therapy is not only associated with decreased CIR, comparable TRM, and better long-term LFS, but also with satisfactory HR-QoL for refractory or relapsed AML, compared with those of standard of care therapy reported previously. Therefore, total therapy may be an optimized therapeutic strategy for refractory or relapsed AML.