Changes in Real-World Outcomes in Patients with Metastatic Renal Cell Carcinoma from the Molecular-Targeted Therapy Era to the Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor Era.

The present multi-institution real-world data showed the improved outcome of previously untreated patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma in the ICI era group compared with that in the molecular-targeted therapy era group. These findings strongly encourage the use of ICI-based treatment for patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma in the real-world setting. Further studies with extended follow-up periods are needed to confirm our findings.