Recent developments in voltammetric and amperometric sensors for cysteine detection.

This review article aims to provide an overview of the recent advances in the voltammetric and amperometric sensing of cysteine (Cys). The introduction summarizes the important role of Cys as an essential amino acid, techniques for its sensing, and the utilization of electrochemical methods and chemically modified electrodes for its determination. The main section covers voltammetric and amperometric sensing of Cys based on glassy carbon electrodes, screen printed electrodes, and carbon paste electrodes, modified with various electrocatalytic materials. The conclusion section discusses the current challenges of Cys determination and the future perspectives.