Simulated image doubling and visual acuity: effects of doubling magnitude, orientation, and ghost image intensity.
Andrew CarkeetYu-Chong Anderson ChangTe-Yuan ChangPo-Yen Mike ChenMing GuVincent LinJia Hao NgPublished in: Ophthalmic & physiological optics : the journal of the British College of Ophthalmic Opticians (Optometrists) (2019)
Image doubling will degrade visual acuity if doubling is greater than 1 min of arc, and ghost images are sufficiently intense. However, even with very obvious visually-disturbing image doubling, visual acuity remains only slightly reduced.