Inflammasomes in the Pathophysiology of Aortic Disease.
Markus WortmannAndreas S PetersPhilipp ErhartDaniel KörferDittmar BöcklerSusanne DihlmannPublished in: Cells (2021)
Aortic diseases comprise aneurysms, dissections, and several other pathologies. In general, aging is associated with a slow but progressive dilation of the aorta, along with increased stiffness and pulse pressure. The progression of aortic disease is characterized by subclinical development or acute presentation. Recent evidence suggests that inflammation participates causally in different clinical manifestations of aortic diseases. As of yet, diagnostic imaging and surveillance is mainly based on ultrasonography, computed tomography (CT), and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Little medical therapy is available so far to prevent or treat the majority of aortic diseases. Endovascular therapy by the introduction of covered stentgrafts provides the main treatment option, although open surgery and implantation of synthetic grafts remain necessary in many situations. Because of the risks associated with surgery, there is a need for identification of pharmaceutical targets interfering with the pathophysiology of aortic remodeling. The participation of innate immunity and inflammasome activation in different cell types is common in aortic diseases. This review will thus focus on inflammasome activities in vascular cells of different chronic and acute aortic diseases and discuss their role in development and progression. We will also identify research gaps and suggest promising therapeutic targets, which may be used for future medical interventions.
Keyphrases
- aortic dissection
- aortic valve
- pulmonary artery
- magnetic resonance imaging
- computed tomography
- left ventricular
- contrast enhanced
- minimally invasive
- coronary artery
- healthcare
- blood pressure
- pulmonary hypertension
- intensive care unit
- stem cells
- risk assessment
- pulmonary arterial hypertension
- induced apoptosis
- public health
- coronary artery bypass
- high resolution
- positron emission tomography
- heart failure
- mass spectrometry
- cell therapy
- mesenchymal stem cells
- coronary artery disease
- drug induced
- climate change
- case report
- photodynamic therapy
- percutaneous coronary intervention
- atrial fibrillation
- acute respiratory distress syndrome
- surgical site infection