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Increasing precision during neuromodulator injections for frontal rhytids-Using ultrasound imaging to identify the line of convergence.

Claudia C B MenesesSilvio FreitasLeonard KnoedlerSamuel KnoedlerKristina DavidovicCarlos BravoAmberLeigh PappasBrian S BiesmanMichael G AlfertshoferSebastian Cotofana
Published in: Journal of cosmetic dermatology (2024)
This study demonstrated the feasibility and practicality of pre-injection ultrasound scanning for facial aesthetic neuromodulator treatments. Knowing the location of the line of convergence, injectors can determine precisely and on an individual basis where to administer the neuromodulator deep or superficial or when the injection location is at risk to cause eyebrow ptosis.
Keyphrases
  • ultrasound guided
  • magnetic resonance imaging
  • high resolution
  • mass spectrometry
  • electron microscopy
  • contrast enhanced ultrasound