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Sources, transmission and hospital-associated outbreaks of nontuberculous mycobacteria: a review.

Munawar AbbasMuhammad Tahir KhanZafar IqbalArif AliBenarfa Taki EddineNuman YousafDong-Qing Wei
Published in: Future microbiology (2024)
Nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) are widespread environmental organisms found in both natural and man-made settings, such as building plumbing, water distribution networks and hospital water systems. Their ubiquitous presence increases the risk of transmission, leading to a wide range of human infections, particularly in immunocompromised individuals. NTM primarily spreads through environmental exposures, such as inhaling aerosolized particles, ingesting contaminated food and introducing it into wounds. Hospital-associated outbreaks have been linked to contaminated medical devices and water systems. Furthermore, the rising global incidence, prevalence and isolation rates highlight the urgency of addressing NTM infections. Gaining a thorough insight into the sources and epidemiology of NTM infection is crucial for devising novel strategies to prevent and manage NTM transmission and infections.
Keyphrases
  • drinking water
  • risk factors
  • healthcare
  • heavy metals
  • acute care
  • human health
  • endothelial cells
  • adverse drug
  • air pollution
  • emergency department
  • risk assessment
  • infectious diseases
  • intensive care unit