Photodynamic Inactivation of ESKAPE Group Bacterial Pathogens in Planktonic and Biofilm Cultures Using Metallated Porphyrin-Doped Conjugated Polymer Nanoparticles.
Sol R MartínezLuis E IbarraRodrigo A PonzioMaría V ForconeAna B WendelCarlos A ChestaMariana B SpesiaRodrigo E PalaciosPublished in: ACS infectious diseases (2020)
Photodynamic inactivation (PDI) protocols using photoactive metallated porphyrin-doped conjugated polymer nanoparticles (CPNs) and blue light were developed to eliminate multidrug-resistant pathogens. CPNs-PDI protocols using varying particle concentrations and irradiation doses were tested against nine pathogenic bacterial strains including antibiotic-resistant bacteria of the ESKAPE (Enterococcus faecium, Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Acinetobacter baumannii, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Enterobacter species) pathogens group. The bactericidal effect was achieved in methicillin-resistant Staphylococus aureus (S. aureus) strains using low light doses (9.6-14.4 J/cm2), while Gram-negative bacteria required a higher light dose (28.8 J/cm2). The bacteria-CPN interaction was studied through flow cytometry, taking advantage of the intrinsic CPN fluorescence, demonstrating that CPNs efficiently bind to the bacterial envelope. Finally, the performance of CPNs-PDI was explored in biofilms; good antibiofilm ability and almost complete eradication were observed for S. aureus and Escherichia coli biofilms, respectively, using confocal microscopy. Overall, we demonstrated that CPNs-PDI is an efficient tool not only to kill superbugs as sessile cells but also to disrupt and eradicate biofilms of highly relevant pathogenic bacterial species.
Keyphrases
- multidrug resistant
- acinetobacter baumannii
- gram negative
- klebsiella pneumoniae
- escherichia coli
- pseudomonas aeruginosa
- staphylococcus aureus
- biofilm formation
- drug resistant
- candida albicans
- photodynamic therapy
- flow cytometry
- metal organic framework
- cystic fibrosis
- quantum dots
- antimicrobial resistance
- cancer therapy
- methicillin resistant staphylococcus aureus
- cell cycle arrest
- drug delivery
- highly efficient
- oxidative stress
- cell death
- endoplasmic reticulum stress