Modulating the Photoluminescence of Europium through Crystalline Assembly Formation with Gold Nanoclusters and Then Phosphate Ions.

We report delayed fluorescence enhancement of europium (Eu 3+ ) ions through complexation with ligand-stabilized gold nanoclusters (Au NCs). The different Eu 3+ -centric emissions following complexation with Au NCs exhibited selective augmentation in the spectral lines attributed to the 5 D 0 → 7 F J transitions. The photoluminescence (PL) properties, including delayed Eu emission, from each component could be modulated through further functionalization of phosphate ions (Pi), leading to crystallization. The assembled crystalline structure of europium-containing Au NCs (Eu Au NCs) was corroborated by selected area electron diffraction analyses and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy analyses. On the basis of PL measurements and other experimental evidence, the two different lifetimes arising from the components, prompt emission of Au NCs and delayed emission of Eu 3+ , were affected in the assembled nanostructure. Such a design offers the possibility of developing an optical system by conjugating molecular NCs and atomic luminescent probes that has potential uses.