Triterpenoid and trichothecenes from a rhizospheric soil-derived Paramyrothecium sp. KMU22107.

A new phthalide derivative named paramlyktone ( 1 ) and a new arborinane-type triterpenoid named paramyrpenoid ( 2 ), together with ten previously described trichothecenes derivatives ( 3-12 ) were isolated and identified from a rhizospheric soil-derived Paramyrothecium sp. KMU22107 associated with Delphinium yunnanense . Their structural elucidation was achieved by the comprehensive analysis of spectroscopic data and comparison with literature values. Notably, paramyrpenoid ( 2 ) was the first example of an arborinane-type triterpenoid with a double bond at Δ 12(13) and an additional methyl motif at C-8. This was the first report of arborinane-type triterpenoids from a fungus belonging to Paramyrothecium genus. In pharmacological studies, paramyrpenoid ( 2 ) demonstrated significant cytotoxic activity against the HL-60, SW480, A-549, MDA-MB-231 and SMMC-7721 cell lines, with IC 50 values from 2.0 to 16.1 μM. Compounds 1 and 2 were also evaluated for anti-inflammatory, anti-acetylcholinesterase (AChE), and protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B (PTP1B) inhibitory activities in vitro .