A Comparison of Refill Procedures and Patient Outcomes Following Ultrasound-Guided and Template-Guided Intrathecal Drug Delivery Systems With Recessed Ports.
Ramesh M SingaAsokumar BuvanendranRobert J McCarthyPublished in: Neuromodulation : journal of the International Neuromodulation Society (2019)
Patients preferred ultrasound even though it lengthened the duration of refills compared to template-guided procedures. Fewer patients experienced procedural pain with ultrasound compared with template-guided refills. No safety issues were observed in either group.
Keyphrases
- end stage renal disease
- drug delivery
- ultrasound guided
- ejection fraction
- chronic kidney disease
- newly diagnosed
- magnetic resonance imaging
- peritoneal dialysis
- chronic pain
- molecularly imprinted
- spinal cord
- mass spectrometry
- spinal cord injury
- patient reported
- high resolution
- simultaneous determination
- tandem mass spectrometry