The binding properties of cycloxaprid on insect native nAChRs partially explain the low cross-resistance with imidacloprid in Nilaparvata lugens.

The high insecticidal activity, low cross-resistance and different binding properties on insect nAChRs of CYC show that it is a potential insecticide for the control of N. lugens and related insect pests, especially ones with high resistance to neonicotinoids. © 2018 Society of Chemical Industry.