Iatrogenic Cerebral Amyloid Angiopathy: an illustrative case of a newly introduced disease.

Iatrogenic cerebral amyloid angiopathy (iCAA) is a specific type of cerebral amyloid angiopathy which is becoming increasingly diagnosed. It has been currently hypothesised iCAA might arise as a late consequence of past neurosurgical interventions involving dural patch grafts. PET scans with amyloid tracers and the assay of beta-amyloid levels in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) are auxiliary criteria, however, definite diagnosis remains histopathologically determined. Here we present an explanatory and pathognomonic case of probable iCAA. Our aim is to increase the awareness of this condition, in order to avoid overlooking the potential causal involvement of surgical procedures which took place far back in time. Moreover, specific analysis is given to the relevance of amyloid PET and beta-amyloid levels in CSF.