Inhibition of Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Proliferation and Survival by Rosemary Extract Is Associated with Activation of ERK and AMPK.
Eric J O'NeillJessy MooreJoon SongEvangelia Litsa TsianiPublished in: Life (Basel, Switzerland) (2021)
Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) represents an aggressive form of lung cancer which often develops resistance to chemo- and radiotherapy emphasizing a need to identify novel treatment agents to combat it. Many plants contain compounds with anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, antidiabetic, and anticancer properties and some plant-derived chemicals are used in the treatment of cancer. A limited number of in vitro and in vivo animal studies provide evidence of anticancer effects of rosemary ( Rosmarinus officinalis ) extract (RE); however, no studies have explored its role in H1299 NSCLC cells, and its underlying mechanism(s) of action are not understood. The current study examined the effects of RE on H1299 cell proliferation, survival, and migration using specific assays. Additionally, immunoblotting was used to investigate the effects of RE treatment on signalling molecules implicated in cell growth and survival. Treatment with RE dose-dependently inhibited H1299 proliferation with an IC 50 value of 19 µg/mL. Similarly, RE dose-dependently reduced cell survival, and this reduction correlated with increased levels of cleaved poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP), a marker of apoptosis. RE was also able to inhibit cell migration as assessed with a wound healing assay. These cellular effects of RE were associated with an increase in phosphorylated levels of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK), AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), and its downstream targets ACC, the mTORC1 protein raptor, and decreased p70S6K phosphorylation. More studies are required to fully examine the effects of RE against NSCLC.
Keyphrases
- protein kinase
- cell proliferation
- small cell lung cancer
- signaling pathway
- anti inflammatory
- oxidative stress
- squamous cell carcinoma
- staphylococcus aureus
- induced apoptosis
- early stage
- combination therapy
- transcription factor
- photodynamic therapy
- cell cycle
- wound healing
- case control
- radiation induced
- replacement therapy
- epidermal growth factor receptor
- cancer therapy