This study aimed to investigate the differences between productive and reproductive performance traits of sexually precocious and non-sexually precocious Nellore heifers and to evaluate the genetic correlation of sexual precocity with traits of economic importance. For this purpose, 300,000 Nellore heifers were evaluated for reproductive traits: heifer pregnancy (HP) at 14 (HP 14 ), 18 (HP 18 ), and 24 (HP 24 ) months; heifer rebreeding (HR); number of progenies up to 53 months (NP 53 ); and probability of the cow remaining in the herd until 76 months with at least 3 progenies (Stay). The growth-related traits evaluated included female yearling weight (YW); average daily gain from weaning to yearling (ADG W-Y ); weight at maturity (MW); weaning weight of first progeny (WW prog ); and female visual scores at yearling for conformation (Conf), precocity (Prec) and muscling (Musc). The effects of female YW and ADG W-Y in six categories on HP 14 , HP 18 , and HP 24 were analyzed using Generalized linear mixed models (GLMM). Furthermore, a linear mixed model was used to evaluate the impact of HP on WW prog , MW, and reproductive performance (NP 53 and Stay). Genetic correlations of HP evaluated in different months with growth and reproductive traits were estimated using a bivariate animal model. Precocious heifers (HP 14 ) were lighter for YW and MW but had greater ADG W-Y than HP 18 and HP 24 . The probability for HP 14 , HP 18 , and HP 24 increased as the classes of YW and ADG W-Y increased. However, heifers weighing more than 326 kg had a slight reduction in the probability of becoming pregnant at HP 14 and HP 18 . Precocious heifers (HP 14 and HP 18 ) produced their first progeny by 3 % lighter than HP 24 , although they had a greater NP 53 . Precocious heifers at 18 months (HP 18 ) were 3 % and 6.8 % more likely to remain in the herd than HP 14 and HP 24 heifers, respectively. Genetic correlations between growth traits (WW, YW, ADG W-Y, and MW) and heifer pregnancy (HP 14 , HP 18 , and HP 24 ) ranged from weak (r g = 0.27 ± 0.05) to moderate (r g = -0.47 ± 0.07). The genetic correlation between HR and HP was stronger for HP 24 (0.75) against HP 14 (0.58) and HP 18 (0.64). Although, the genetic correlation between NP 53 and Stay with HP 14 was higher (r g = 0.53 and 0.45) than those observed for HP 18 (r g = 0.46 and 0.38) and HP 24 (r g = 0.35 and 0.39). The genetic correlation estimates between HP and visual scores were moderate and favorable for HP 14 . Selecting HP 14 is beneficial for production systems because it increases the NP 53 during the productive life without compromising heifer productivity or reproductive performance. However, attention should be given to improving the HR of heifers who become pregnant early.