The Regulation of Bone Metabolism and Disorders by Wnt Signaling.
Kazuhiro MaedaYasuhiro KobayashiMasanori KoideShunsuke UeharaMasanori OkamotoAkihiro IshiharaTomohiro KayamaMitsuru SaitoKeishi MarumoPublished in: International journal of molecular sciences (2019)
Wnt, a secreted glycoprotein, has an approximate molecular weight of 40 kDa, and it is a cytokine involved in various biological phenomena including ontogeny, morphogenesis, carcinogenesis, and maintenance of stem cells. The Wnt signaling pathway can be classified into two main pathways: canonical and non-canonical. Of these, the canonical Wnt signaling pathway promotes osteogenesis. Sclerostin produced by osteocytes is an inhibitor of this pathway, thereby inhibiting osteogenesis. Recently, osteoporosis treatment using an anti-sclerostin therapy has been introduced. In this review, the basics of Wnt signaling, its role in bone metabolism and its involvement in skeletal disorders have been covered. Furthermore, the clinical significance and future scopes of Wnt signaling in osteoporosis, osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis and neoplasia are discussed.
Keyphrases
- stem cells
- signaling pathway
- bone mineral density
- rheumatoid arthritis
- postmenopausal women
- bone regeneration
- cell proliferation
- pi k akt
- body composition
- epithelial mesenchymal transition
- induced apoptosis
- soft tissue
- cell therapy
- current status
- high grade
- disease activity
- bone loss
- interstitial lung disease
- mesenchymal stem cells
- ankylosing spondylitis
- knee osteoarthritis
- oxidative stress
- systemic sclerosis
- bone marrow