Cerebral blood flow changes during intermittent acute hypoxia in patients with heart failure.
Antonio de Padua MansurGlaura Souza AlvarengaLiliane KopelMarco Antonio GutierrezFernanda Marciano Consolim-ColomboLudhmila Hajjar AbrahãoSilvia Gelas LagePublished in: The Journal of international medical research (2018)
Objective Heart failure (HF) is associated with intermittent hypoxia, and the effects of this hypoxia on the cardiovascular system are not well understood. This study was performed to compare the effects of acute hypoxia (10% oxygen) between patients with and without HF. Methods Fourteen patients with chronic HF and 17 matched control subjects were enrolled. Carotid artery changes were examined during the first period of hypoxia, and brachial artery changes were examined during the second period of hypoxia. Data were collected at baseline and after 2 and 4 minutes of hypoxia. Norepinephrine, epinephrine, dopamine, and renin were measured at baseline and after 4 minutes hypoxia. Results The carotid blood flow, carotid systolic diameter, and carotid diastolic diameter increased and the carotid resistance decreased in patients with HF. Hypoxia did not change the carotid compliance, distensibility, brachial artery blood flow and diameter, or concentrations of sympathomimetic amines in patients with HF, but hypoxia increased the norepinephrine level in the control group. Hypoxia increased minute ventilation and decreased the oxygen saturation and end-tidal carbon dioxide concentration in both groups. Conclusion Hypoxia-induced changes in the carotid artery suggest an intensification of compensatory mechanisms for preservation of cerebral blood flow in patients with HF.
Keyphrases
- endothelial cells
- blood flow
- heart failure
- cerebral blood flow
- carbon dioxide
- left ventricular
- blood pressure
- liver failure
- intensive care unit
- machine learning
- high intensity
- electronic health record
- artificial intelligence
- big data
- optical coherence tomography
- optic nerve
- uric acid
- cardiac resynchronization therapy
- prefrontal cortex