Precision Medicine in Oral Health and Diseases: A Systematic Review.
Giuseppina MalcangiAssunta PatanoMariafrancesca GuglielmoRoberta SardanoGiulia PalmieriChiara Di PedeElisabetta de RuvoAlessio Danilo InchingoloAntonio ManciniInchingolo FrancescoIoana Roxana BordeaGianna DipalmaAngelo Michele InchingoloPublished in: Journal of personalized medicine (2023)
Precision medicine (PM) is personalized medicine that can develop targeted medical therapies for the individual patient, in which "omics" sciences lead to an integration of data that leads to highly predictive models of the functioning of the individual biological system. They enable rapid diagnosis, assessment of disease dynamics, identification of targeted treatment protocols, and reduction of costs and psychological stress. "Precision dentistry" (DP) is one promising application that need further investigation; the purpose of this paper is therefore to give physicians an overview of the knowledge they need to enhance treatment planning and patient response to therapy. A systematic literature review was conducted on the PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science databases by analyzing the articles examining the role of precision medicine in dentistry. PM aims to shed light on cancer prevention strategies, by identifying risk factors, and on malformations such as orofacial cleft. Another application is pain management by repurposing drugs created for other diseases to target biochemical mechanisms. The significant heritability of traits regulating bacterial colonization and local inflammatory responses is another result of genomic research, and is useful for DP in the field of caries and periodontitis. This approach may also be useful in the field of orthodontics and regenerative dentistry. The possibility of creating an international network of databases will lead to the diagnosis, prediction, and prevention of disease outbreaks, providing significant economic savings for the world's health care systems.
Keyphrases
- pain management
- healthcare
- oral health
- risk factors
- particulate matter
- big data
- air pollution
- case report
- cancer therapy
- primary care
- stem cells
- chronic pain
- polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons
- public health
- heavy metals
- papillary thyroid
- mesenchymal stem cells
- genome wide
- single cell
- electronic health record
- water soluble
- gene expression
- heat stress
- depressive symptoms
- drug delivery
- physical activity
- risk assessment
- social media
- young adults
- artificial intelligence
- lymph node metastasis
- life cycle
- dna methylation
- sleep quality
- replacement therapy
- childhood cancer