Familial Risk of Graves' Disease among First-Degree Relatives and Interaction with Smoking: A Population-Based Study.

Hyun Jung KimGahwi HongJungyun HwangSayada Zartasha KazmiKyoung-Hoon KimTaeuk KangHeather SwanJaewoo ChaYoung Shin KimKyeong Uoon KimHoo Jae HannHyeong Sik Ahn

Published in: The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism (2023)

A gene-environment interaction can be suggested between smoking and GD-associated genetic factors, which diminishes after smoking cessation. Smokers with a positive family history should be considered a high-risk group and smoking cessation should be advised.

Keyphrases

smoking cessation
replacement therapy
genome wide
copy number
early onset
gene expression
genome wide identification