In Vitro Anti-Diabetic Activities and UHPLC-ESI-MS/MS Profile of Muntingia calabura Leaves Extract.
Nur Khaleeda Zulaikha ZolkefleeNurul Shazini RamliAzrina AzlanFaridah AbasPublished in: Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) (2022)
Anti-diabetic compounds from natural sources are now being preferred to prevent or treat diabetes due to adverse effects of synthetic drugs. The decoction of Muntingia calabura leaves was traditionally consumed for diabetes treatment. However, there has not been any published data currently available on the processing effects on this plant's biological activity and phytochemical profile. Therefore, this study aims to evaluate the effect of three drying methods (freeze-drying (FD), air-drying (AD), and oven-drying (OD)) and ethanol:water ratios (0, 50, and 100%) on in vitro anti-diabetic activities of M. calabura leaves. In addition, an ultrahigh-performance-liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC-ESI-MS/MS) method was used to characterize the metabolites in the active extract. The FD M. calabura leaves, extracted with 50% ethanol, is the most active extract that exhibits a high α-glucosidase and α-amylase inhibitory activities with IC 50 values of 0.46 ± 0.05 and 26.39 ± 3.93 µg/mL, respectively. Sixty-one compounds were tentatively identified by using UHPLC-ESI-MS/MS from the most active extract. Quantitative analysis, by using UHPLC, revealed that geniposide, daidzein, quercitrin, 6-hydroxyflavanone, kaempferol, and formononetin were predominant compounds identified from the active extract. The results have laid down preliminary steps toward developing M. calabura leaves extract as a potential source of bioactive compounds for diabetic treatment.
Keyphrases
- ms ms
- type diabetes
- ultra high performance liquid chromatography
- tandem mass spectrometry
- oxidative stress
- liquid chromatography
- liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry
- high performance liquid chromatography
- anti inflammatory
- cardiovascular disease
- wound healing
- simultaneous determination
- high resolution mass spectrometry
- glycemic control
- essential oil
- high resolution
- systematic review
- adipose tissue
- risk assessment
- solid phase extraction
- electronic health record
- combination therapy
- drinking water
- human health