Associations of electronic and conventional cigarette use with periodontal disease in South Korean adults.
Wonjeong JeongDong-Woo ChoiYun Kyung KimHyeon-Ji LeeSang Ah LeeEun-Cheol ParkSung-In JangPublished in: Journal of periodontology (2019)
Electronic and conventional cigarette use was each significantly associated with increased periodontal disease rates. After adjusting for demographic, socioeconomic, and health-related characteristics, both vaping and smoking each had significant association with periodontal diseases. Therefore, this study suggests that vaping may not be a safe alternative to smoking. Cessation of both types of cigarettes is necessary for maintaining oral health.