Cytotoxic activity of steroidal glycosides from the aerial parts of Solanum torvum collected in Thua Thien Hue, Vietnam.

A phytochemical investigation of Solanum torvum led to the isolation of eleven steroidal glycosides, including neochlorogenin 6-O-β-D-quinovopyranoside (1), (22 R,23S,25R)-3β-6α,23-trihydroxy-5α-spirostane 6-O-β-D-xylopyranosyl-(1→3)-β-D-quinovopyranoside (2), neochlorogenin 6-O-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1→3)-β-D-quinovopyranoside (3), solagenin 6-O-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1→3)-β-D-quinovopyranoside (4), paniculonin A (5), paniculonin B (6), 6α-O-[β-D-xylopyranosyl-(1→3)β-D-quinovopyranosyl]-(25S)-5α-spirostan-3β-ol (7), torvoside J (8), torvoside K (9), torvoside L (10) and solagenin 6-O-β-D-quinovopyranoside (11). Their chemical structures were elucidated by 1D-NMR and 2D-NMR data as well as comparison with the data reported in the literature. Moreover, all isolated compounds were evaluated for their cytotoxic activities against SK-LU-1, HepG2, MCF-7 and T24 cancer cell lines. Among them, compounds 1, 3, 7 and 11 exhibited cytotoxicity against all four tested cell lines with IC50 values ranging from 7.89 ± 0.87 to 46.76 ± 3.88 µM.