The effect of the ketogenic diet on Acne: Could it be a therapeutic tool?
Luigi BarreaSara CacciapuotiMatteo MegnaLudovica VerdeClaudio MarascaRosa VonoElisabetta CamajaniAnnamaria ColaoSilvia SavastanoGabriella FabbrociniGiovanna MuscogiuriPublished in: Critical reviews in food science and nutrition (2023)
Acne is a chronic inflammatory disease of the pilosebaceous unit resulting from androgen-induced increased sebum production, altered keratinization, inflammation, and bacterial colonization of the hair follicles of the face, neck, chest and back by Propionibacterium acnes . Overall, inflammation and immune responses are strongly implicated in the pathogenesis of acne. Although early colonization with Propionibacterium acnes and family history may play an important role in the disease, it remains unclear exactly what triggers acne and how treatment affects disease progression. The influence of diet on acne disease is a growing research topic, yet few studies have examined the effects of diet on the development and clinical severity of acne disease, and the results have often been contradictory. Interestingly, very low-calorie ketogenic diet (VLCKD) has been associated with both significant reductions in body weight and inflammatory status through the production of ketone bodies and thus it has been expected to reduce the exacerbation of clinical manifestations or even block the trigger of acne disease. Given the paucity of studies regarding the implementation of VLCKD in the management of acne, this review aims to provide evidence from the available scientific literature to support the speculative use of VLCKD in the treatment of acne.
Keyphrases
- hidradenitis suppurativa
- weight loss
- oxidative stress
- physical activity
- immune response
- body weight
- chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
- primary care
- intensive care unit
- endothelial cells
- inflammatory response
- extracorporeal membrane oxygenation
- toll like receptor
- acute respiratory distress syndrome
- case control
- mechanical ventilation