SD-OCT Biomarkers and the Current Status of Artificial Intelligence in Predicting Progression from Intermediate to Advanced AMD.
Ioana DamianSimona Delia NicoarăPublished in: Life (Basel, Switzerland) (2022)
Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is one of the leading causes of blindness in the Western World. Optical coherence tomography (OCT) has revolutionized the diagnosis and follow-up of AMD patients. This review focuses on SD-OCT imaging biomarkers which were identified as predictors for progression in intermediate AMD to late AMD, either geographic atrophy (GA) or choroidal neovascularization (CNV). Structural OCT remains the most compelling modality to study AMD features related to the progression such as drusen characteristics, hyperreflective foci (HRF), reticular pseudo-drusen (RPD), sub-RPE hyper-reflective columns and their impact on retinal layers. Further on, we reviewed articles that attempted to integrate biomarkers that have already proven their involvement in intermediate AMD progression, in their models of artificial intelligence (AI). By combining structural biomarkers with genetic risk and lifestyle the predictive ability becomes more accurate.
Keyphrases
- age related macular degeneration
- artificial intelligence
- optical coherence tomography
- diabetic retinopathy
- machine learning
- big data
- optic nerve
- deep learning
- current status
- high resolution
- end stage renal disease
- ejection fraction
- genome wide
- gene expression
- mass spectrometry
- physical activity
- prognostic factors
- weight loss
- south africa
- liquid chromatography
- patient reported outcomes
- photodynamic therapy
- patient reported