Prophylactic IL-23 blockade uncouples efficacy and toxicity in dual CTLA-4 and PD-1 immunotherapy.

Our study not only provides clinically feasible strategies to dissociate efficacy and toxicity in the use of combined ICIs for cancer immunotherapy, but also develops a blood-based biomarker that makes it possible to achieve a straightforward and non-invasive, detection assay for early prediction of irAEs onset.