Recent advances in the 3D skin bioprinting for regenerative medicine: Cells, biomaterials, and methods.
Loyna Nobile CarvalhoLucas Correia PeresVivian Alonso-GoulartBeatriz Jardim Dos SantosMário Fernando Alves BragaFelipe Dos Anjos Rodrigues CamposGabriela de Aquino Pinto PalisLudmilla Sousa QuirinoLaura Duarte GuimarãesSofia Alencar LafetáMárcia Mayumi Omi SimbaraLetícia de Souza Castro FilicePublished in: Journal of biomaterials applications (2024)
The skin is a tissue constantly exposed to the risk of damage, such as cuts, burns, and genetic disorders. The standard treatment is autograft, but it can cause pain to the patient being extremely complex in patients suffering from burns on large body surfaces. Considering that there is a need to develop technologies for the repair of skin tissue like 3D bioprinting. Skin is a tissue that is approximately 1/16 of the total body weight and has three main layers: epidermis, dermis, and hypodermis. Therefore, there are several studies using cells, biomaterials, and bioprinting for skin regeneration. Here, we provide an overview of the structure and function of the epidermis, dermis, and hypodermis, and showed in the recent research in skin regeneration, the main cells used, biomaterials studied that provide initial support for these cells, allowing the growth and formation of the neotissue and general characteristics, advantages and disadvantages of each methodology and the landmarks in recent research in the 3D skin bioprinting.
Keyphrases
- induced apoptosis
- wound healing
- soft tissue
- cell cycle arrest
- stem cells
- body weight
- oxidative stress
- end stage renal disease
- endoplasmic reticulum stress
- gene expression
- signaling pathway
- escherichia coli
- chronic kidney disease
- newly diagnosed
- cell death
- spinal cord injury
- spinal cord
- ejection fraction
- peritoneal dialysis
- cell proliferation
- pi k akt
- copy number
- patient reported
- replacement therapy