Cancer cell migration and invasion are initial steps for tumor metastasis, which increases patient mortality. The tumor microenvironment is characterized as being hypoxic and nutrient deficient. Previous studies have suggested that hypoxia induces tumor metastasis, while the low nutrient content is not beneficial for tumor metastasis. Thus, it is necessary to develop a simple probe to study the changes in cancer migration and invasion. Herein, we designed a nanoprobe based on gold nanoparticles (Au NPs) to monitor the effect of different oxygen and nutrient conditions on the migration and invasion of breast cancer cells through detecting the changes in levels of RAB-22a and MMP-2 mRNA in living cells. After incubating MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 cells with different concentrations of oxygen and nutrients, fluorescence imaging assays were used to evaluate migration and invasion. This work provides a new insight in the effect of different tumor microenvironments on cell migration and invasion.
Keyphrases
- breast cancer cells
- living cells
- gold nanoparticles
- fluorescent probe
- fluorescence imaging
- single molecule
- induced apoptosis
- type diabetes
- stem cells
- squamous cell carcinoma
- cardiovascular events
- risk assessment
- photodynamic therapy
- risk factors
- heavy metals
- bone marrow
- oxidative stress
- cell therapy
- mesenchymal stem cells
- coronary artery disease
- signaling pathway
- cell cycle arrest
- young adults
- squamous cell
- endoplasmic reticulum stress