The effect of vehicle on skin absorption of Mg2+ and Ca2+ from thermal spring water.
Malgorzata TarnowskaS BriançonJ Resende de AzevedoY ChevalierD ArquierC BarratierMarie-Alexandrine BolzingerPublished in: International journal of cosmetic science (2020)
The beneficial effects of TSW are not only due to their action on the skin surface. Their active components, especially Ca2+ and Mg2+ cations, reach viable skin layers in a formulation-dependent manner. The distribution of ions inside skin depends on the type of formulation.