The potential for Treg-enhancing therapies in tissue, in particular skeletal muscle, regeneration.
Bola S HannaOmar K YaghiP Kent LangstonDiane MathisPublished in: Clinical and experimental immunology (2022)
Foxp3 +CD4 + regulatory T cells (Tregs) are famous for their role in maintaining immunological tolerance. With their distinct transcriptomes, growth-factor dependencies and T-cell receptor (TCR) repertoires, Tregs in nonlymphoid tissues, termed "tissue-Tregs", also perform a variety of functions to help assure tissue homeostasis. For example, they are important for tissue repair and regeneration after various types of injury, both acute and chronic. They exert this influence by controlling both the inflammatory tenor and the dynamics of the parenchymal progenitor-cell pool in injured tissues, thereby promoting efficient repair and limiting fibrosis. Thus, tissue-Tregs are seemingly attractive targets for immunotherapy in the context of tissue regeneration, offering several advantages over existing therapies. Using skeletal muscle as a model system, we discuss the existing literature on Tregs' role in tissue regeneration in acute and chronic injuries, and various approaches for their therapeutic modulation in such contexts, including exercise as a natural Treg modulator.
Keyphrases
- regulatory t cells
- skeletal muscle
- stem cells
- growth factor
- gene expression
- systematic review
- liver failure
- insulin resistance
- oxidative stress
- type diabetes
- single cell
- intensive care unit
- respiratory failure
- dendritic cells
- metabolic syndrome
- adipose tissue
- immune response
- physical activity
- aortic dissection
- mechanical ventilation