Cardiometabolic health in Turner syndrome.
Shanlee M DavisMitchell E GeffnerPublished in: American journal of medical genetics. Part C, Seminars in medical genetics (2019)
Individuals with Turner syndrome (TS) have a higher morbidity and mortality compared to the general population. Diabetes and cardiovascular disease are the major contributors to this burden. Precursors to diabetes and cardiovascular disease make up what is known as metabolic syndrome, including abdominal obesity, hypertension, dyslipidemia, and elevated fasting glucose. These features of poor cardiometabolic health are also prevalent among women with TS. Youth with TS also exhibit many of these features, indicating that the pathogenesis of these cardiometabolic conditions may begin early in life. The etiology of the increased risk of cardiometabolic conditions in TS is likely multifactorial, involving genetics, epigenetics, hypogonadism, medical comorbidities, medications, and lifestyle. Counseling for the increased risk of cardiometabolic diseases as well as efforts to prevent or lower this risk should be routinely provided in the care of all patients with TS. Clinical practice guidelines are now available to guide screening and treatment of cardiometabolic conditions in girls and women with TS.
Keyphrases
- cardiovascular disease
- metabolic syndrome
- healthcare
- type diabetes
- mental health
- insulin resistance
- public health
- blood pressure
- physical activity
- weight loss
- blood glucose
- young adults
- coronary artery disease
- glycemic control
- health information
- case report
- cardiovascular events
- replacement therapy
- smoking cessation
- cardiovascular risk factors
- skeletal muscle
- risk assessment
- pain management
- social media
- body mass index
- adipose tissue
- human immunodeficiency virus
- chronic pain
- weight gain
- growth hormone