Polyenic Antibiotics and Other Antifungal Compounds Produced by Hemolytic Streptomyces Species.
Jan BobekEliška FilipováNatalie BergmanMatouš ČihákMiroslav PetříčekAna Catalina LaraVaclav KristufekMelinda MegyesTheresa WurzerAlica ChroňákováKateřina PetříčkováPublished in: International journal of molecular sciences (2022)
Streptomyces are of great interest in the pharmaceutical industry as they produce a plethora of secondary metabolites that act as antibacterial and antifungal agents. They may thrive on their own in the soil, or associate with other organisms, such as plants or invertebrates. Some soil-derived strains exhibit hemolytic properties when cultivated on blood agar, raising the question of whether hemolysis could be a virulence factor of the bacteria. In this work we examined hemolytic compound production in 23 β-hemolytic Streptomyces isolates; of these 12 were soil-derived, 10 were arthropod-associated, and 1 was plant-associated. An additional human-associated S. sp. TR1341 served as a control. Mass spectrometry analysis suggested synthesis of polyene molecules responsible for the hemolysis: candicidins, filipins, strevertene A, tetrafungin, and tetrin A, as well as four novel polyene compounds (denoted here as polyene A, B, C, and D) in individual liquid cultures or paired co-cultures. The non-polyene antifungal compounds actiphenol and surugamide A were also identified. The findings indicate that the ability of Streptomyces to produce cytolytic compounds (here manifested by hemolysis on blood agar) is an intrinsic feature of the bacteria in the soil environment and could even serve as a virulence factor when colonizing available host organisms. Additionally, a literature review of polyenes and non-polyene hemolytic metabolites produced by Streptomyces is presented.
Keyphrases
- candida albicans
- escherichia coli
- mass spectrometry
- pseudomonas aeruginosa
- biofilm formation
- plant growth
- staphylococcus aureus
- ms ms
- endothelial cells
- red blood cell
- machine learning
- liquid chromatography
- case report
- high resolution
- deep learning
- cystic fibrosis
- genetic diversity
- induced pluripotent stem cells
- multidrug resistant
- anti inflammatory
- data analysis