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Maternal CMV seroprevalence rate in early gestation and congenital cytomegalovirus infection in a Chinese population.

Yue HuangTingdong LiHuan YuJiabao TangQiaoqiao SongXiaoyi GuoHan WangCaihong LiJiangding WangCaihong LiangXingmei YaoLingxian QiuChunlan ZhuangZhaofeng BiYingying SuTing WuShengxiang GeJun Zhang
Published in: Emerging microbes & infections (2021)
Background Congenital human cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection remains largely unrecognized and underemphasized in medical practice. This study aimed to describe the maternal CMV seroprevalence rate in early gestation and congenital CMV infection in a Chinese population. Methods This prospective cohort study was conducted in three hospitals in China from 2015 through 2018. Pregnant women were enrolled in early gestation and followed up in middle and late gestation with serological testing. CMV serostatus was determined by IgG testing in serum during early gestation. Their newborns were screened for cCMV infection by PCR testing in both saliva and urine at two time points. The cCMV prevalence, maternal seroprevalence and associated factors were analyzed. Results In China, the CMV seroprevalence was 98.11% (6602/6729, 95% CI: 97.76%-98.41%), and the cCMV prevalence was 1.32% (84/6350, 95% CI: 1.07%-1.64%). Over 98% of cCMV-positive newborns were from pregnant women who were seropositive in early gestation in China. The prevalence of cCMV infection in newborns from seropositive and seronegative pregnant women was similar (crude prevalence: 1.33% vs 0.82%, P = 1.00; estimated prevalence: 1.27% vs 1.05%, P = 0.32). Pregnant women who were under 25 years old or primiparous had a lower seroprevalence. Newborns from pregnant women under 25 years old or from twin pregnancies had a higher prevalence of cCMV infection. Conclusion in China, the cCMV prevalence was high, and the rates were similar in newborns from pregnant women who were seropositive and seronegative in early gestation. The vast majority of cCMV newborns were from seropositive mothers.Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT02645396..
Keyphrases
  • pregnant women
  • gestational age
  • pregnancy outcomes
  • birth weight
  • preterm infants
  • risk factors
  • preterm birth
  • low birth weight
  • healthcare
  • primary care
  • cord blood
  • quality improvement
  • study protocol
  • weight loss