In situ mass change and gas analysis of 3D manganese oxide/graphene aerogel for supercapacitors.
Phansiri SukthaPoramane ChiochanAtiweena KrittayavathananonSangchai SarawutanukulSathyamoorthi SethuramanMontree SawangphrukPublished in: RSC advances (2019)
Manganese oxide nanoparticles decorated on 3D reduced graphene oxide aerogels (3D MnO x /rGO ae ) for neutral electrochemical capacitors were successfully produced by a rapid microwave reduction process within 20 s. The symmetric electrochemical capacitor of 3D MnO x /rGO ae (Mn 3.0 at%) storing charges via both electric double layer capacitance (EDLC) and pseudocapacitance mechanisms exhibits a specific capacitance of 240 F g -1 as compared with 190 F g -1 of that using the bare 3D rGO ae at 0.5 A g -1 in 1 M Na 2 SO 4 (aq.) electrolyte. It retains 90% of the initial capacitance after 10 000 cycles, demonstrating high cycling stability. In addition, the charge storage mechanism of 3D MnO x /rGO ae was investigated using an electrochemical quartz crystal microbalance. In situ gas analysis using differential electrochemical mass spectrometry (DEMS) shows the CO 2 evolution at a cell potential over 1 V indicating that the positive electrode is possibly the voltage limiting electrode in the full cell. This finding may be useful for further development of practical high power and energy supercapacitors.
Keyphrases
- reduced graphene oxide
- gold nanoparticles
- oxide nanoparticles
- ionic liquid
- room temperature
- mass spectrometry
- single cell
- molecularly imprinted
- cell therapy
- carbon nanotubes
- high resolution
- risk assessment
- stem cells
- capillary electrophoresis
- ms ms
- high performance liquid chromatography
- highly efficient
- metal organic framework