Clinical, Echocardiographic, and Therapeutic Characteristics of Heart Failure in Patients with Preserved, Mid-Range, and Reduced Ejection Fraction: Future Directions.

This Saudi HF population shows similarities to other populations: EF category distribution, sex distribution, therapeutic trends, and survival outcomes. However, findings related to the underlying risk factors, namely type 2 DM and obesity, have identified HFpEF as an emerging threat in this (relatively) young population.