Proteome expansion in the Potyviridae evolutionary radiation.
Fabio PasinJosé-Antonio DaròsIoannis E TzanetakisPublished in: FEMS microbiology reviews (2022)
Potyviridae, the largest family of known RNA viruses (realm Riboviria), belongs to the picorna-like supergroup and has important agricultural and ecological impacts. Potyvirid genomes are translated into polyproteins, which are in turn hydrolyzed to release mature products. Recent sequencing efforts revealed an unprecedented number of potyvirids with a rich variability in gene content and genomic layouts. Here, we review the heterogeneity of non-core modules that expand the structural and functional diversity of the potyvirid proteomes. We provide a family-wide classification of P1 proteinases into the functional Types A and B, and discuss pretty interesting sweet potato potyviral ORF (PISPO), putative zinc fingers, and alkylation B (AlkB)-non-core modules found within P1 cistrons. The atypical inosine triphosphate pyrophosphatase (ITPase/HAM1), as well as the pseudo tobacco mosaic virus-like coat protein (TMV-like CP) are discussed alongside homologs of unrelated virus taxa. Family-wide abundance of the multitasking helper component proteinase (HC-pro) is revised. Functional connections between non-core modules are highlighted to support host niche adaptation and immune evasion as main drivers of the Potyviridae evolutionary radiation. Potential biotechnological and synthetic biology applications of potyvirid leader proteinases and non-core modules are finally explored.
Keyphrases
- single cell
- genome wide
- network analysis
- human health
- climate change
- risk assessment
- machine learning
- radiation therapy
- deep learning
- dendritic cells
- radiation induced
- heavy metals
- gene expression
- dna methylation
- regulatory t cells
- binding protein
- fluorescent probe
- microbial community
- transcription factor
- genetic diversity
- antibiotic resistance genes
- wastewater treatment